Is Your Dog at a Healthy Weight? Here’s How to Know!

Did you know that 60% of pet parents with overweight dogs think their dog’s weight is just fine? Considering that 58% of dogs in the U.S. are actually overweight, that’s more than 1 in 3 pet parents who might not realize their pup is carrying extra pounds!

You might be thinking, "That’s not my dog!" Trust me, I’ve been there. Even my mom’s cats were on the heavy side for a while, and every time I brought it up, she thought I was exaggerating. Spoiler alert: I wasn’t. But after some effort, they slimmed down this summer!

Now, let's talk about what really matters—dogs, weight, food, and how it all connects to arthritis.

I’m Dr. Jeremy, a vet and cofounder of Jope, and today I’m joined by Dr. Conway, veterinary nutritionist and cofounder of Vital Vet. We’re here to answer your burning questions and help you understand the impact of weight on your dog’s health!

How Can I Tell If My Dog’s Weight is Healthy?
This is a great question! Here’s a quick trick: Feel along your dog’s ribs, just behind their elbow. If you can easily feel the ribs but not see them, you're on the right track. They should feel like the knuckles of a fist—firm but not hard to touch. If you have to press down to find them, it’s time for a weight loss plan.

Check out your dog’s waist from above—it should have a visible taper, and there should be a slight tuck-up when viewed from the side. Most vets use something called the Body Condition Score (BCS), where a 4 or 5 out of 9 is considered ideal. Your vet can help determine the best weight for your dog, or you can get a head start by checking resources from the American Animal Hospital Association.

What Are the Risks of Overweight Dogs?
Being overweight isn’t just about carrying a few extra pounds—it’s about carrying extra risks. Fat cells produce inflammatory cytokines, which can worsen conditions like arthritis. Plus, overweight dogs are at higher risk for heart disease, diabetes, and joint problems. The inflammation caused by excess fat creates a vicious cycle, especially with joint issues. Keeping your dog at a healthy weight can help prevent these problems and ensure a longer, happier life.

How Do Arthritic Joints Differ From Healthy Ones?
In healthy joints, smooth cartilage and lubricating fluid keep everything moving without pain. But in arthritic joints, cartilage wears down, bones rub against each other, and inflammation kicks in. Ligaments become inflamed, the joint capsule thickens, and bony growths called osteophytes (bone spurs) form around the joint, making movement painful and stiff.

If your dog seems to be slowing down or struggling to get up, arthritis might be the cause. A quick visit to your vet can provide the answers you need!

My Dog Has Arthritis—How Should I Adjust Their Diet?
Diet plays a crucial role in managing arthritis. First, focus on EPA and DHA, two Omega-3 fatty acids proven to reduce inflammation and support joint health. Consult with your vet for the right dosage, but a good starting point is about 120 mg of EPA + DHA per kilogram of your dog’s body weight per day.

When shopping for supplements, make sure the product lists EPA and DHA doses, not just total Omega-3s. Start with a small dose to avoid loose stools, and consult your vet before beginning any new supplements. For quality products, look for brands like Veterinary Recommended Solutions or Nordic Naturals.

While glucosamine used to be a go-to for joint health, recent studies show it’s less effective than previously thought. Instead, consider UC-II® collagen, which has been shown to improve joint function in both healthy and arthritic dogs. I recommend Jope for a high-quality UC-II® supplement, but your vet can guide you to the best option for your pup.

What Should I Cook for My Arthritic Dog?
If you’re interested in cooking for your dog, I love creating custom recipes tailored to specific health needs. If you’d like to consult with me, you can schedule it through Vital Vet or email info@vitalvetnutrition.com.

Be cautious with store-bought fresh diets—they’re often high in calories, which can lead to weight gain. Instead, we can discuss fresh, low-calorie options that are easy on the joints. A balanced diet paired with regular exercise can help manage arthritis and keep your dog at a healthy weight.

How Can I Help My Dog Maintain a Healthy Weight?
This is one of the most common questions I get from pet parents! Here are a few tips:

Portion control: Weighing your dog’s food is the most accurate way to control portions. It’s quicker than you think, and pre-weighing meals for the week makes feeding time a breeze.
Think outside the bowl: Use food-dispensing toys to keep your dog engaged and active while controlling their food intake.
Choose low-calorie treats: Keep treats to less than 10% of your dog’s daily calories. Try baby carrots or green beans for a healthy, low-calorie snack!
Avoid table scraps: They add unnecessary calories and can throw off your dog’s diet.
Regular weigh-ins: Track your dog’s weight regularly to ensure they’re staying on track.

What If My Dog is Already Overweight?
If your dog is overweight, don’t worry! You can help them shed those pounds. Start by working with your vet to determine their ideal weight. You’ll need to cut back on treats and switch to a low-calorie diet, whether it’s homemade or a veterinary pet food designed for weight loss.

Aim for a gradual weight loss of 1-2% of their body weight per week. Regular weigh-ins will help you track progress and adjust as needed. Remember, slow and steady wins the race!

How Else Can I Help My Dog’s Joints?
In addition to diet and weight management, low-impact exercises like hydrotherapy and gentle walks are great for maintaining mobility without straining joints. Supplements with proven ingredients like UC-II collagen and EPA & DHA can also help support joint health. And don’t forget about their comfort! An orthopedic bed can make a world of difference for your dog’s joints.

Taking care of your dog’s weight and joints isn’t as overwhelming as it seems. With a few thoughtful changes to their diet, regular exercise, and the right supplements, you can make a big difference in your dog’s health and happiness. Plus, your vet is always there to help guide you through the process!